65438+ October Astronomical Phenomenon 202 1 When was the first meteor shower?

There are many astronomical phenomena to see in June+10, 5438. Did you see the first meteor shower yesterday? If not, there is no pity, because there will be other astronomical phenomena in the next few days. If you have enough time, you can be patient.

The astronomical phenomena in June+10, 5438 include planetary phenomena (solar convergence, solar eclipse, transit, long distance, the planet is closest to the earth, the perihelion is too far away, the ascending and descending intersection points, the southernmost and northernmost latitudes, planetary convergence and planetary convergence). ), moon phases, places where the moon passes far and near, planets and stars covered by the moon, eclipses, bisections, comets, meteor showers, etc.

202 1, 1, 2 1, 5 1, and the distance from the earth to the sun is 1.4709 billion, 3 1.62 km. The solar surface seen on this day is the largest 1 day this year, which will be about 3.4% larger than the apparent diameter of the solar surface seen when the earth passes through the apohelion on July 6.

Quadrant meteor shower is one of the best meteor showers in a year. This year's maximum forecast appeared in the evening of 65438+10.3, but the observable midnight period was affected by moonlight, and the conditions were not good.

The biggest feature of the starry sky in winter night is that the stars shine. It can be seen that Orion lies in the eastern sky after the end of June 1 year, facing Taurus. Later, around 20~2 1, all winter constellations have risen, showing that there are seven bright stars in the eastern sky, including Capricorn in Taurus (slightly orange) and Capella in Auriga. If the public sees a clear night sky outdoors at night, they might as well go out to a place with a good and safe view, and use the electronic star map software downloaded from their mobile phones to look up and try to identify these bright stars to see how many they can recognize.

Planets of the solar system Dynamic Sun: Running from Sagittarius to Capricorn. Mercury: From Sagittarius to Capricorn, go straight ahead, and turn retrograde after staying for 30 days. East distance on the 24th. It is not easy to see near the sun in the first half of the month, but it will be seen at the horizon west of the south after sunset in the second half of the month. The apparent magnitude is-1.0→+0.9, and the apparent diameter is 4.8 ″→ 8.6 ″. Venus: Go straight from Ophiuchus to Sagittarius. Before sunrise in the first half of the month, it was seen on the horizon near the southeast, and it was not easy to see near the sun in the second half of the month. The apparent magnitude is -3.9, and the apparent diameter is10.7 "→10.1". Mars: From Pisces to Aries, go forward. After sunset, it was seen in the sky near the zenith. At about 0- 1 in the morning, it sank to the horizon in the northwest with an apparent magnitude of -0.3→+0.4 and an apparent diameter of 10.4 ″→ 7.9 ″. Jupiter: Capricorn goes straight. After sunset in the first half of the month, I saw it at a low altitude near the southwest, and at night it sank to the horizon by the west of the south about 18- 19. It is not easy to see when it is near the sun in the second half of the month. The apparent magnitude is -2.0→- 1.9, and the apparent diameter is 32.9 ″→ 32.5 ″. Saturn: Capricorn goes straight. Close to the sun, it is difficult to see, and the apparent magnitude is +0.6. , the apparent diameter is 15.2 ". Uranus: Aries is retrograde, staying for 14 days, and then going forward. Seen in the southeast after sunset, the apparent magnitude is +5.7→+5.8, and the apparent diameter is 3.6 ". Neptune: Go straight ahead in Aquarius. Seen from the southwest after sunset, the apparent magnitude is +7.9 and the apparent diameter is 2.2 ".

20211/3 quadrant meteor shower maximum (ZHR~ 1 10)

The meteor shower of 202 1 is still dominated by quadrant meteor showers (Quadrantids, 000 10).

QUA) kicked off. The maximum period forecast of 202 1 occurred at about 65438+22: 30 Beijing time1October 3, and the hourly zenith occurrence rate (ZHR) was about110. The radiation point is located above Capricorn's head and rises from the north-northeast direction after 0: 00 am on June 4, 65438. Since 65438+10.3 this year is the 20th day of the lunar winter month, the moon rises in the night sky after 2 1 in the evening, which is quite unfavorable for observing quadrant meteors appearing in the middle of the night. There are intermittent bright meteors around the maximum period of this meteor shower, so there are still opportunities to watch scattered quadrant meteors in the middle of the night at the beginning of the year.

Most meteor showers are named after the constellation where the radiant point is located, and quadrant meteor showers are no exception. However, this constellation is not among the official 88 constellations, and can only be used as a common name. Four quadrants

Muralis) is located between Five Immortals, Shepherd and Dragon, and the radiation point of quadrant meteor shower is near the head of Shepherd.

From April to May of 200211/,the inner screen of the mask was added.

65438+1 During the night of October 4th to the early morning of 5th, the inner screen of the moon increased by1piece (Virgo ω star, 5.2, etc. ), the stars appear from the dark edge of the moon. The moon is a 20.2-month-old convex moon, which is low in the east. It can be found in southern Jiangsu, Shanghai, southeastern Anhui, Zhejiang, eastern Jiangxi, eastern Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces. Zeng Yi, the inner screen, is a red semi-regular variable star, which is tracked and observed with a small astronomical telescope.

Added an overview of the inner screen of the moon mask: geographic latitude and longitude: 21:58:128.2619.01:21:59:127.90.

18.96 mask depth: 00: 04- 172.89 2.8 1 mask end cut: 02: 09-116.21-28.6438+

-28. 10 width: 3398 km food delay: 87 minutes and 25 seconds.

R 1689=omegaVirginis= one for internal screen.

20211/can cover the inner screen II.

65438+1the second moon screen in the morning of October 5 (Virgo V, 4.0, etc. ) appeared, the stars appeared from the dark side of the moon, which was a waning moon of 20.5 months old and located in the southeast sky. It can be seen in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and eastern Inner Mongolia. Inner screen 2 is a red semi-regular variable star, which can be tracked and observed with a small astronomical telescope.

Overview of the Lunar Covering Inner Screen II Geographical Longitude Geographical Latitude Covering Starting Point: 02: 19: 58.07 55.07 Covering Starting Point: 02: 2 1: 57.50.

55.47 Mask depth: 04: 07, 15 1.28, 42.76 Mask end internal connection: 05: 54- 165.48, 7.97 Mask end external connection: 05: 55-165.

7.56 width: 4408km food delay: 73 minutes 0 1 sec.

R 1702=nuVirginis= internal screen II

2021110 three-star convergence

Mercury, Jupiter and Saturn revolve around the sun at different times. When these three planets run to the same side of the sun, they can be seen from the earth at the same time in the night sky, thus producing the astronomical phenomenon of the convergence of three stars. On the day of 65438+ 10/0, these three planets will gather in the west-southwest sky 30 minutes after sunset. Mercury, Jupiter and Saturn gather at a narrow angle. The distance between Mercury and Jupiter is 2.4 degrees, the distance between Jupiter and Saturn is 2.2 degrees, and the distance between Saturn and Mercury is 1.6 degrees. In other words, these three planets gather within 2.4 degrees. It's a pity that it's still bright after sunset for 30 minutes. The key is to find Jupiter, the brightest of the three, and Mercury is in the lowest position. If the observation conditions with naked eyes are poor, binoculars, preferably large-caliber binoculars, can be used to observe in an open and unobstructed place. In addition, the moon will pass through Samsung on June+10/October 14, 65438. Unfortunately, the age of the moon is only 1. 1 (ultra-fine crescent shape), and Saturn's position is low, so it is not easy to observe. Interested astronomy enthusiasts can have a challenge. It is not common for three planets to merge. Next time we wait until 2 140 65438+ 10/9, the observation conditions are still poor, so we have to use binoculars.

2021116 mask TYC of the goddess of water

1927-00972- 1 (in good condition)

Asteroid occultation is a regionally limited astronomical phenomenon, which is equivalent to a mini solar eclipse. At 23: 56 on Saturday, Beijing time 202 1 year 65438+1October1June, the asteroid Vostok (135) with a diameter of about 74.6km and 0.055 "and the apparent star 12.05, etc.

Hertha) mask star TYC such as Cancer 10.26.

1927-00972- 1 (apparent coordinates α8h7m32s, δ+22 46' 32 "), the longest exposure time of 5.2 seconds, dimming (magnitude reduction) 1.79, etc. The moon is below the horizon. The occultation belt passes through donggang city, zhuanghe city, Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, gaizhou city, Xingcheng, Suizhong County, Huludao City, Qinhuangdao City, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, Kuancheng Manchu Autonomous County, Chengde County, Xinglong County, Luanping County, Chicheng County, Zhangjiakou City, Chongli District, Xuanhua District, Wanquan District, Zhangbei County, Huai 'an County and shangyi county. Xinghe County, Zhuozi County, chahar right middle banner City, Hohhot City, Wuchuan County, Guyang County, Urad Zhongqi County, Wuyuan County, Urad Houqi County, Subei Mongolian Autonomous County, Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, Alar City, Awati City, Keping County, Tumushuke City, bachu county City, atushi City, Kashgar City, Wuqia County and other places. Dongfang is an M-shaped asteroid located in the asteroid belt. Accurate timing is very important for asteroid occultation observation, and the timing error should not exceed 1 second. Use an astronomical telescope with a diameter of more than 20cm and outdated HD /UHD video recording equipment (the frame rate is at least 1- 10 frame/second) for CCD observation and recording. In ensuring that the obscured star can be clearly seen (sn >; 10) but not overexposed, try to improve the frame rate. The higher the frame rate and timing accuracy, the better the restrictions on the position, size and shape of asteroids. Be familiar with the observation target in advance, start timing observation 5 to 15 minutes before the middle time of occultation forecast, and try to include at least one reference star in the field of view. Be careful not to overexpose masked stars! Please submit the observation results to the website of occultation forecast of Purple Mountain Observatory.

20211/21Mars+Uranus with the moon

65438+1October 2 1 day, the first quarter of the twelfth lunar month will pass through Mars and Uranus in turn, with Mars about 5 degrees north of the moon and Uranus about 1.7 degrees south of Mars, forming an astronomical phenomenon of "double stars accompanying the moon". That night, bright Mars was easy to observe, while dark Uranus was almost submerged by the moon's brilliance.

20211/21month covered the sky _ increased by seven.

2 1 There will be an eclipse at night (Aries ξ star, 5.5, etc. ), and the stars will enter from the dark edge of the moon. In the southeast of our country, we can see that the moon is convex, with a month age of 7.9. Apocalypse Zeng Qi is a blue and white B-shaped subgiant, which can be tracked and observed with a small astronomical telescope.

The general situation of the moon covering the sky _ increased by seven: geographical longitude, geographical latitude, covering beginning and tangent: 16: 23, 62.88- 15.68, covering beginning and tangent: 16: 25: 62.46.

-15.59 mask depth:18: 29:15.08:17.96 mask cut: 20: 34- 177.04: 28.96 mask.

28.87 width: 3404 km food delay: 95 minutes and 55 seconds.

R354=xiArietis= days _ Increase by seven days.

20211/22 Uranus conflagration

When the right ascension of Uranus and Mars is at the same distance from the center of the earth, it is called "Uranus and Mars", which is usually when the two planets are close; Because the brightness of Uranus is close to the 6 limit visible to the naked eye, it is not easy to observe at ordinary times, so we can observe this planet with the help of Uranus approaching a brighter planet. 65438+1At 07:35 on October 22nd, Uranus and Mars merged. Uranus, as seen from the center of the earth, is about 1.72 degrees south of Mars, but it is still daytime and cannot be observed. After nightfall (about 18:30), it can be seen to the south, in which the brightness of orange Mars is about 0.2, located between Aries and Pisces, while Uranus of 5.8 is located at the lower left of Mars only about 1.7 degrees (equivalent to the apparent diameter of three full moons). It is recommended to use binoculars or binoculars with a diameter greater than 5cm to assist viewing.

20211/24 east distance of mercury

Mercury is not easy to see, because it is too close to the sun most of the time, so there are only a few short observation opportunities every year. 65438+1At 9: 57 on October 24th, the east distance of Mercury, the angular distance between Mercury and the sun are 19 degrees, the apparent brightness is -0.6, and the height of the horizon at sunset is about 15 degrees. Located in Capricorn, it is the best time to observe Mercury for the first time this year. A few days before and after the east distance, Mercury appeared at a low altitude south-west after sunset. If the weather conditions are very good, it is still possible to see it.

20211/24 asteroid Wu enters the sun star.

"Wu zhixing" (28 1880)

Wu Weiren was discovered by the Near-Earth Object Telescope of Purple Mountain Observatory of China Academy of Sciences, and obtained the international permanent number 28 1 1880 in June. In April 2020, recommended by the Selection Committee and Purple Mountain Observatory, the International Asteroid Naming Committee under the International Astronomical Union (IAU) deliberated and unanimously adopted the official naming of "Wu Xing" in recognition of Academician Wu, the chief designer of China's lunar exploration project, for his outstanding contribution in the field of lunar and deep space exploration. According to the calculation, the orbital period of "Wu Xing" orbiting the sun is about 5.75 Earth years, and the half-length diameter of the orbit is about 3.2 1 astronomical unit (the unit for measuring the distance between celestial bodies, whose value is the average distance between the earth and the sun, 1 astronomical unit =1.48707×1066).

202 1/ 1/26~27

Chumei Yuji

There will be an eclipse (Gemini epsilon star, 3. 1 etc.) at the party on 26th. ), and the stars will be hidden in the dark edge of the moon, and can be seen in South Asia and Southeast Asia, as well as in Fujian, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau, southwestern Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan Province Province. Jingsuwu is a Supergiant star with relatively low luminosity, which can be tracked and observed with a small astronomical telescope.

Overview of Moon Rock Well in Su Wu

Geographic latitude and longitude: 20: 20: 65.33-10.39: 20: 21:65.00.

-10.52 mask depth: 22: 23119.481.87 mask depth: 00: 25 174.09-9.93 mask depth: 00.

-9.8 1 width: 3473 km food delay: 10 1 min 42 seconds.

654381when was the first meteor shower at 23: 00 on October 3? The annual meteor shower in the constellation will reach its peak around1October 3 or 4 every year.

The main characteristic brightness R is an important parameter of quadrant meteor shower. R represents the proportion of bright meteors in the same meteor group. If the r value of a meteor group is 3, then the number of meteors of a certain magnitude is three times that of meteors one star brighter than it. The smaller the r value, the more golden the bright meteor is. The R value of most meteor groups is above 2.6, while the quadrant meteor shower is only 2. 1, which shows that it is a group with many bright meteors and is also very suitable for photographic observation.